Professional Resources

Association of Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC)
http://www.apic.org

American College of Gastroenterology (ACG)
http://www.gi.org

American Society of Clinical Pathology
http://www.ascp.org

Mayo Clinic
http://www.mayoclinic.com

Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA)
http://www.shea-online.org

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
http://www.cdc.gov

Commission on Laboratory Accreditation (COLA)
http://www.cola.org

National Credentialing Agency for Laboratory Personnel (NCALP)
http://www.ascp.org/FunctionalNavigation/certification.aspx

References

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2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Bacterial foodborne and diarrheal disease national case surveillance. Annual Report, 2005. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2007.
3. World Health Organization (WHO). Fact Sheet Number 237: Food safety and foodborne illness. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2007. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs237/en/. Accessed December 8, 2009.
4. Nataro JP, Kaper JB. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998;11(1):142-201.
5. Todar K. Pathogenic E. coli. Todar’s Online Textbook of Bacteriology. Available at: http://textbookofbacteriology.net/e.coli.html
6. Johnson KE, Thorpe CM, Sears CL. The emerging clinical importance of non-O157 shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43:1587-1595
7. Fey PD, Wickert RS, Rupp ME, Safranek TJ, Hinrichs SH. Prevalence of non-O157:H7 shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli in diarrheal stool samples from Nebraska. Emerg Infect Dis. 2001;7(3):491. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/414769. Accessed December 9, 2009.
8. Cleary TG. The role of shiga-toxin–producing Escherichia coli in hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2004;15:260-285.
9. CDC. Griffin PM. Update on infections with and clinical lab guidelines for Shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC) in the United States. 2009. Available at: http://www.aphl.org/profdev/conferences/proceedings/Documents/2009/2009_OutbreakNet/012GriffinP.pdf. Accessed February 24, 2010.
10. Galanis E. Campylobacter and bacterial gastroenteritis. CMAJ. 2007;177(6):570-571.
11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Division of foodborne, bacterial and mycotic diseases (DFBMD). Campylobacter frequently asked questions. http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/dfbmd/disease_listing/campylobacter_gi.html. Accessed December 15, 2009.
12. Javid MH, Ahmed SH. Campylobacter infections. emedicine. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/213720-overview. Accessed December 10, 2009.
13. Gillespie IA, O’Brien SJ, Frost JA, et al. A case-case comparison of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni infection: a tool for generating hypotheses. Emerg Infect Dis. 2002;8(9):937-942.
14. Wassenaar TM. Toxin production by Campylobacter spp. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1997;10(3):466-476.
15. Hickey TE, McVeigh AL, Scott DA, et al. Campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin mediates release of interleukin-8 from intestinal epithelial cells. Infect Immunol. 2000;68(12):6535-6541.
16. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Campylobacter jejuni. In Bad Bug Book: Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook. Updated June 2009. Silver Springs, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, US Food and Drug Administration; 2009; e1-3. http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/FoodborneIllness/ FoodborneIllnessFoodbornePathogensNaturalToxins/BadBugBook/ucm070024.htm. Accessed December 11, 2009.
17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Recommendations for diagnosis of Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli infections by clinical laboratories. MMWR. 2009;68:1-14. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5812a1.htm. Accessed March 18, 2010.
18. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Diagnosis and management of foodborne illness: a primer for physicians and other health care professionals. MMWR. 2004;53(RR-4)1-33. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5822a1.htm. Accessed December 15, 2009.
19. Madappa T, Go CHU. Escherichia coli infections. emedicine. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/217485-overview. Accessed December 9, 2009.
20. Ang JY, Nachman S. Campylobacter infections. emedicine. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/970552-overview. Accessed December 10, 2009.
21. Paton JC, Paton AW. Pathogenesis and diagnosis of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli infections. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998;11(3):450-479.
22. Kehl KS, Havens P, Behnke CE, Acheson DWK. Evaluation of the Premier EHEC assay for detection of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli. J Clin Microbiol. 1997;35(8):2051-2054.
23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Importance of culture confirmation of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli infection as illustrated by outbreaks of gastroenteritis—New York and North Carolina, 2005. MMWR. 2006;55(38):1042-1045. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5538a3.htm. Accessed February 15, 2010.
24. Guerrant RL, Van Gilder T, Steiner TS, et al. Practice guidelines for the management of infectious diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32(1):331-351.

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