Glycerol is used with most enzymes as a cryoprotectant and stabilizer. The presence of glycerol prevents the formation of ice crystals during freezing that can damage enzymes. If glycerol is removed, it needs to be substituted with stabilizers and enhancers that will do the same job. Lyophilization and air drying on the other hand requires the enzyme to be stable at very low or very high temperatures and maintain their activity after the water molecules have been removed. This requires a different set of excipients that will protect the enzyme during this process. Glycerol-free enzymes do not have these excipients, and these will need to be added prior to lyophilization or air drying.

高浓度的酶有助于在干燥时减少体积，使过程更快，它们还可以减少微流控、卡壳和POC设备的反应体积，从而可以添加更多的样品。它们有助于优化并可以加快反应（只要有模板可结合），提高灵敏度和产率，因此，可以用于广泛的测定形式，从而在商业化过程中实现更大的开发灵活性和成本节约。

Lyophilization is done by freezing and sublimation in a vacuum, forming a cake or bead, it has very low viscosity and up to 99% of the moisture is removed. Drying normally take 18-24 hours and requires cryo-excipients that protect the enzymes during the freezing. The reagents can be lyophilized to a bead or a cake format.

Air-drying is done by heating in a convection oven, forming a highly viscous pellet, with about 95% of the moisture removed. Drying normally take less than 2 hours and requires heat protecting excipients that protect the enzymes at higher temperatures. The reagents can be air-dried to a soft viscous format.

Lyophilization and air-drying helps to extend the product’s shelf life, enhance the stability of the reagents at higher temperatures, and allows for convenient and accurate dispensing of the reagents. After drying, the reagents are easily reconstituted with sample material.

Yes, reaction conditions are the same and they will produce the same results, this means that the liquid mixes can be used to create SOPs if you do not want to dry down and then later if drying is required (for example to increase sensitivity), the SOP can be updated for drying, it does not require completely new SOPs to be written, but excipients will need to be added.

Following drying in the presence or absence of a buffer containing excipients, primers/probes, most or our mixes should be stable for a minimum of 24 months at ambient temperature. Following rehydration, the assay reproducibility, sensitivity, and robustness should be the same as for a freshly made liquid mix.

No, our lyo-excipients are proprietary, if you require a buffer that contains lyo-excipients, we have the Lyo-Ready qPCR Buffer, 2.5x (MDX022).